Which of the following is NOT considered an abiotic factor?

In the context of ecology and environmental science, abiotic factors refer to the non-living components of an ecosystem that affect living organisms and the functioning of the environment. These include elements like water, soil, air, temperature, and various chemicals, including pollutants.

Insects, on the other hand, are living organisms and fall under the category of biotic factors. They interact with abiotic factors and can have significant effects on their environment and other organisms. Understanding the distinction between abiotic and biotic components is crucial for studying ecosystems, as it helps in comprehending how various factors influence ecological processes and interactions.

The other options—water, soil, and air pollutants—are all classes of abiotic factors. Water provides essential hydration for organisms, soil serves as a substrate for plants and microbes, and air pollutants constitute harmful chemicals affecting air quality and, consequently, living organisms. Recognizing these as abiotic factors helps delineate the different roles within an ecosystem.